What should you do to increase the reliability of an experiment?

Reliability refers to the extent to which results or measurements remain consistent when research is repeated by the original researchers (repeatability) or by different researchers using the same methods (reproducibility). A researcher can do the following to increase the reliability of an experiment.

Standardise procedures: Using the same instructions, materials, and conditions for all participants reduces variation caused by inconsistent administration. This ensures that any repetition of the experiment is more likely to yield consistent results, directly increasing reliability.

Use reliable measurement tools: Instruments that consistently produce the same results (e.g. validated tests, calibrated equipment) reduce measurement error. This increases the reliability of data across repeated uses.

Repeat the experiment (supports repeatability): Conducting the experiment more than once checks whether the same researchers can get consistent results under the same conditions. This directly tests and improves repeatability, a key aspect of reliability.

Clearly document methods and procedures (supports reproducibility): Providing detailed descriptions of how the study was conducted allows other researchers to accurately repeat it. This improves reproducibility by enabling others to get consistent results using the same method.